
Too Few to Mention? New TASC Report - Mapping the Golden Circle
You may have noticed a report launched by TASC yesterday, Mapping the Golden Circle, which shows how few people, mainly men, held so many directorships on the boards of Ireland’s major private and state-owned companies between 2005 and 2007.
The report is available on the TASC site here; it was discussed extensively on Tonight with Vincent Browne last night (viewable here); Suzanne Lynch provides some detail on the findings for her Irish Times article and one of the authors of the report Nat O’Connor has a good post on it on TASC’s Progressive Economy blog, tying in the comments from the Taoiseach Brian Cowen yesterday in his speech given to the North Dublin Chamber of Commerce:
“The Taoiseach said that “Individuals were left in dominant positions within individual financial institutions for too long a period. There were stunning failures of corporate governance and not enough turn-around in management personnel in those institutions.”"
An Taoiseach and his selective understanding of failure.
Perhaps one of the most interesting aspects of the report (although that is hard to say because there is so much that is very interesting in there) is the way that it shows the extensive interlinking between the four major financial institutions in Ireland and the boards of the major companies who would have relied on the banks for financial investment. We here a lot about elites and the speculation about the close relationship between the elite class and financial capital. But this report, for first time provides evidence on how close those connections really are.
As the report details on page 33:
It is important to note the central role played by financial institutions in the Interlocking Boards. The three most-tightly interwoven boards were all financial institutions: Anglo Irish Bank with ten links, and Irish Life and Permanent and Bank of Ireland, which each had nine links to other companies. Allied Irish Bank (AIB) also had a large number of links, to seven other firms. These links are shown in Figure 8. As illustrated, only four companies did not have a director sitting on the board of one of the four financial institutions.

Another aspect which is illustrative of why such interlinking encourages actions of mutual self-interest to the detriment of everything else is the cross-over of board members and the remuneration committee who meet to make decisions on how much the board members should be paid. One anecdote from the report caused understandable chuckles when Fintan O’Toole read it out at the press conference yesterday. It goes like this (from page 31):

What the above illustrates is that:
- Sean FitzPatrick, Ann Heraty and Gary McCann were members of the remuneration committee of Anglo Irish Bank that set the payment for the chairperson, who was Sean FitzPatrick;
- Sean FitzPatrick as chair of Anglo Irish Bank, was involved in setting the remuneration of non-executive directors, who included Ann Heraty and Gary McCann;
- Sean FitzPatrick was chair of Smurfit and was a member of the remuneration committee of Smurfit, hence involved in setting the remuneration of Gary McCann, who was CEO of Smurfit;
- Sean FitzPatrick was a member of the remuneration committee of Greencore, which set the remuneration of Ned Sullivan, chair of Greencore.
- Ned Sullivan was also a member of the remuneration committee of Greencore;
- Ned Sullivan was a member of the remuneration committee of McInerney Holdings;
Many companies report that directors who sit on the remuneration committee are not directly involved in setting their own pay; hence it cannot be assumed that these individuals were directly involved in setting their own level of remuneration.
More on this needs to be written here, but in the meantime below are the salient details from the TASC press release:
A small number of interconnected businesspeople operated at the apex of Irish business during the boom years 2005-2007.
In a major new piece of research, Mapping the Golden Circle, equality think-tank TASC has revealed the extent of the network across 40 of Ireland’s top private companies and state-owned bodies in that period.
Together, these companies employed 310,000 people and had a combined turnover (or equivalent) of nearly €80 billion. They included both private companies and state-owned bodies.
The 40 companies studied in this report are household names and include Bord Gáis, the Central Bank, AIB, Smurfit, Anglo Irish Bank, Ryanair and Aer Lingus. The total number of directors involved in managing these companies was 572.
In the period 2005-2007, a network of 39 people held positions in 33 of the 40 top private companies and state-owned bodies. Between them, these 39 - referred to as the Director Network in TASC’s report - held a total of 93 directorships.
Mapping the Golden Circle also provides evidence that there was a trend of “excessive remuneration” for the CEOs of both state-owned and private companies. On average, their pay rose by over 40% between 2005 and 2007, while combined inflation for these two years ran at just over 9%.
TASC director and co-author of the report Paula Clancy said today:
“The economic crisis has rightly focused attention on how we run our businesses. Corporate governance is at risk when people are overextended. Mapping the Golden Circle shows where the risk of overextension lies. We know too that when people know each other very well and share similar backgrounds, as many in the Director Network do, companies run the risk of ‘groupthink’, where decisions are made that ignore alternative evidence as a result of a group’s desire to reach consensus.”
Ms Clancy said that this piece of research should be used to pave the way for improved corporate governance in the future:
“Ireland now needs a new statutory basis for corporate governance. This could include substantially restricting the number of directorships an individual can hold, reducing or eliminating cross-directorships and introducing a quota to increase the number of women sitting on boards. The issue of pay and its potential to compromise decision-taking must also be examined. It is vital for the future that the public interest be rigorously safeguarded in state-owned bodies and private companies which play key roles in the Irish economy. This can only be achieved by strengthening the rules and regulations governing how business is conducted”, Ms. Clancy concluded.
Discussion
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Comment by: Conor McCabe
May 14th 2010 at 17:05
“We know too that when people know each other very well and share similar backgrounds, as many in the Director Network do, companies run the risk of ‘groupthink’, where decisions are made that ignore alternative evidence as a result of a group’s desire to reach consensus.””
Unbelievable. TASC just can’t see the class for the trees.
Comment by: Tomboktu
May 15th 2010 at 10:05
Unbelievable. TASC just can’t see the class for the trees
Possibly, but I also think it depends. I guess that this report is intended to appeal to a readership that would dismiss it if TASC used that language — or even that way of thinking dressed up in “non-threatening” language.
It could be that they have adopted the approach Michael Taft has used in his economic analysis: show them why on their terms (e.g. ‘good governance’, ‘insider trading’) the current system is dangerous.
And, of course, that “polite language” and framework leaves it open to others among us to use the evidence that TASC has gathered to make stringer points in places and through channels where, unlike the Irish Times, it won’t get shut off or dismissed out of hand.
Comment by: Rob
May 15th 2010 at 13:05
Maybe that super-dooper ivestigative journalist guy in the long black coat, who is investigating the criminal gang-lords for the News of The World might investigate the activities of the golden cirlce ‘guys’ (no girls it seems, though I wonder about Gillian what-ya-may-call-her from the Permenant TSB, did she not assist Sean Fitzpatrick in his hour of need?).
Just in case there have been any criminal activities carried out by the so-called golden circle.
And funny I wasn’t surprised to see Independent (my ar*e) News & Media as a part completing the golden circle.
I think there is some research somewhere in terms of political corruption and corporate governance Ireland sits pretty low down, along with countries like Zimbabwe, Somalia, Bulgaria…
Also I notice that there is an advertisement for a, ‘Business in the Community Ireland: Corporate Responsibility Consultant* see http://www.activelink.ie/node/2096 for anyone who is interested, it pays about 45K, (no thats not 450K…)
Cheers
Comment by: Pope Epopt
May 15th 2010 at 22:05
I echo Tomboktu’s point.
The TASC report is a fine piece of work - and I particularly applaud them on their use of network graphs to present the extent of the interlocking interests. To my knowledge this is the most comprehensive piece of work yet done on the incestuous corporate elite that have done so much damage.
The extent of financialisation of the corporate network is made particularly clear. The data is damning only in so far one believes that capitalist networks are ( or were ever ) either open or a meritocracy. However this picture may be news to many, and spreading it about is one of the tasks of the sappers in the ditch.